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ការវិនិយោគបរទេសជាឧបករណ៍ការពារជាតិរបស់ប្រទេសតូច នៅពេលនិយាយអំពីការការពារជាតិ មនុស្សភាគច្រើនតែងតែគិតដល់ទាហាន រថក្រោះ ឬយន្តហោះយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រ។ ប៉ុន្តែសម្រាប់ប្រទេសតូចៗ កម្លាំងយោធាតែមួយគត់មិនគ្រប់គ្រាន់ដើម្បីធានាសុវត្ថិភាពជាតិឡើយ។ ដោយហេតុនេះ ប្រទេសតូចជាច្រើនបានជ្រើសរើសយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រមួយផ្សេងទៀតដែលស្ងប់ស្ងាត់ និងមើលមិនឃើញច្បាស់ គឺការប្រើសេដ្ឋកិច្ចជាឧបករណ៍ការពារ។ ក្នុងទំនាក់ទំនងអន្តរជាតិ វាត្រូវបានហៅថា «ការទប់ស្កាត់តាមសេដ្ឋកិច្ច»។ ឧទាហរណ៍ល្បីមួយគឺ «Silicon Shield» របស់តៃវ៉ាន់ ដែលធ្វើឲ្យការប៉ះទង្គិចក្លាយជារឿងថ្លៃថ្នូរខ្លាំងសម្រាប់ពិភពលោកទាំងមូល។ គោលការណ៍មូលដ្ឋានគឺសាមញ្ញ៖ ប្រសិនបើប្រទេសមួយក្លាយជាអ្វីដែលពិភពលោកមិនអាចខ្វះបាន ការវាយប្រហារលើប្រទេសនោះនឹងបង្កការខូចខាតមិនត្រឹមតែចំពោះប្រទេសគោលដៅប៉ុណ្ណោះទេ ប៉ុន្តែថែមទាំងប៉ះពាល់ដល់អំណាចធំៗទូទាំងពិភពលោកផងដែរ។ បម្លែងការវិនិយោគឲ្យក្លាយជាការការពារ ការវិនិយោគបរទេសទំហំធំអាចដើរតួជាប្រព័ន្ធការពារដោយមិនប្រើអាវុធ តាមរយៈមធ្យោបាយសំខាន់ៗជាច្រើន។ ១. ចំណាប់អារម្មណ៍រួម បង្កើតសុវត្ថិភាពរួម នៅពេលអំណាចធំៗវិនិយោគប្រាក់រាប់ពាន់លានដុល្លារនៅក្នុងប្រទេសតូចមួយ ដូចជា...

An Urgent and Heartfelt Appeal to the Royal Government of Cambodia From a Concerned Citizen of the Kingdom Phnom Penh, December 27, 2025 Your Excellency Prime Minister Hun Manet,   Honourable Members of the Royal Government,   Brave Commanders and Soldiers of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces,   And all fellow Khmer people, Today, our beloved Cambodia stands at a crossroads of profound pain and historic opportunity. The recent fierce clashes along our border with Thailand—beginning in July and tragically reignited in December—have brought immense suffering to our nation. Our brave soldiers have sacrificed their flesh and blood, defending our sacred soil with unwavering courage. Families mourn their fallen heroes, while hundreds of thousands of our innocent civilians flee their homes, carrying only the clothes on their backs and the hope that peace will soon return. We cannot let their sacrifices be in vain. We cannot allow the blood of our patrio...

The world urgently needs an international legal framework requiring thorough background checks before any nation or military force can purchase powerful weapons systems — such as fighter jets, missiles, attack drones, or other major conventional arms. Even in strongly pro-gun countries like the United States, civilians cannot purchase firearms without background checks designed to prevent dangerous individuals from acquiring them. Yet when it comes to entire armies or governments — some of which have documented poor human rights records, ongoing war crimes, ethnic cleansing, or severe ethical violations — For example the Thai army, there is often no equivalent mandatory, transparent, and binding screening process before they are allowed to acquire weapons capable of causing mass casualties and widespread destruction. If we recognize the need to screen individuals to prevent small-scale violence, it is only logical — and morally necessary — to demand rigorous scrutiny of sta...

The well-known saying "with great power comes great responsibility" reminds us that anyone — or any institution — with significant strength should use it carefully, accountably, and in ways that respect others' rights and international rules. Thailand stands out in Southeast Asia for its long history of military involvement in politics. Since the country shifted from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy in 1932, it has experienced around 12–13 successful military coups (more than any other nation in modern times), plus several attempted ones. The most recent major one was in 2014, when the army took control after months of protests. This pattern has led to repeated periods where the military directly ruled or heavily influenced civilian governments, often suspending parts of the constitution and limiting freedoms. International groups like Human Rights Watch have documented ongoing concerns, including: - Reports of torture and abuse of military conscri...

The Contentious Peace Theory proposes that durable peace between neighboring states—particularly in regions affected by border disputes, territorial tensions, and recurring bilateral crises—cannot be secured through diplomacy and economic integration alone. Instead, it argues for an innovative political mechanism that directly aligns the electoral incentives of governments with the lived interests of cross-border populations. While this approach challenges conventional understandings of national sovereignty, it targets one of the central drivers of interstate conflict: political leadership that benefits domestically from nationalism, even when such policies impose severe costs on ordinary people. Rather than treating peace as a fragile outcome maintained by elite agreements, the theory reframes peace as a participatory system in which citizens affected by cross-border policies gain meaningful influence over the governments shaping those policies. CORE PROPOSITION In regi...

Abstract Peacebuilding scholarship has historically concentrated on intra-state conflict, privileging frameworks that emphasize reconciliation, institutional reform, and social cohesion. While these approaches have proven effective in post–civil war environments, they remain insufficient for addressing contemporary interstate conflicts characterized by power asymmetry and weak enforcement of international norms. This article argues that the degradation of multilateral institutions—particularly the United Nations—has exacerbated conditions in which powerful states increasingly abuse weaker states with limited accountability. The article calls for a reorientation of peacebuilding theory to address interstate aggression in an era of declining global governance. Introduction Peacebuilding theory has evolved largely in response to intra-state conflicts, especially those emerging in the post–Cold War era. Civil wars, identity-based violence, and post-authoritarian transitio...

While the myth speaks of serpents and magic, historians believe this character represents the leadership of the early Funan period (approximately 1st–6th century CE). The female leader of Funan was called Princess Linyi. Here is how her leadership functioned: A Strategic Hub: By residing in the coastal area (likely the Mekong Delta or near modern-day Oc Eo), her people were the gatekeepers of the maritime silk road. Her ability to speak multiple languages wasn't just a talent—it was a survival and trade necessity to manage merchants from India, China, and the Malay Archipelago. The Unifier: Her "talents" likely included diplomacy and trade management. By gaining the respect of the highland tribes, she united the "water people" (coastal traders) with the "mountain people" (producers of forest goods like spices and precious woods). This union is the true birth of the Khmer nation. The Foundation of Khmer Animism Her rule highlights a core par...